The Difference Between Purines and Pyrimidines

The Difference Between Purines and Pyrimidines Purines and pyrimidines are two types of aromatic heterocyclic organic compounds. In other words, they are ring structures (aromatic) that contain nitrogen as well as carbon in the rings (heterocyclic). Both purines and pyrimidines are similar to the chemical structure of the organic molecule pyridine (C5H5N). Pyridine, in turn, is related to benzene (C6H6), except one of the carbon atoms is replaced by a nitrogen atom. Purines and pyrimidines are important molecules in organic chemistry and biochemistry because they are the basis for other molecules (e.g., caffeine, theobromine, theophylline, thiamine) and because they are key components of the nucleic acids dexoyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). Pyrimidines A pyrimidine is an organic ring consisting of six atoms: 4 carbon atoms and 2 nitrogen atoms. The nitrogen atoms are placed in the 1 and 3 positions around the ring. Atoms or groups attached to this ring distinguish pyrimidines, which include cytosine, thymine, uracil, thiamine (vitamin B1), uric acid, and barbituates. Pyrimidines function in DNA and RNA, cell signaling, energy storage (as phosphates),  enzyme regulation, and to make protein and starch. Purines A purine contains a pyrimidine ring fused with an imidazole ring (a five-member ring with two non-adjacent nitrogen atoms). This two-ringed structure has nine atoms forming the ring: 5 carbon atoms and 4 nitrogen atoms. Different purines are distinguished by the atoms or functional groups attached to the rings. Purines are the most widely occurring heterocyclic molecules that contain nitrogen. They are abundant in meat, fish, beans, peas, and grains. Examples of purines include caffeine, xanthine, hypoxanthine, uric acid, theobromine, and the nitrogenous bases adenine and guanine. Purines serve much the same function as pyrimidines in organisms. They are part of DNA and RNA, cell signaling, energy storage, and enzyme regulation. The molecules are used to make starch and proteins. Bonding Between Purines and Pyrimidines While purines and pyrimidines include molecules that are active on their own (as in drugs and vitamins), they also form hydrogen bonds between each other to link the two strands of the DNA double helix and to form complementary molecules between DNA and RNA. In DNA, the purine adenine bonds to the pyrimidine thymine and the purine guanine bonds to the pyrimidine cytosine. In RNA, adenine bonds to uracil and guanine still bonds with cytosine. Approximately equal amounts of purines and pyrimidines are required to form either DNA or RNA. Its worth noting there are exceptions to the classic Watson-Crick base pairs. In both DNA and RNA, other configurations occur, most often involving methylated pyrimidines. These are called wobble pairings. Comparing and Contrasting Purines and Pyrimidines The purines and pyrimidines both consist of heterocyclic rings. Together, the two sets of compounds make up the nitrogenous bases. Yet, there are distinct differences between the molecules. Obviously, because purines consist of two rings rather than one, they have a higher molecular weight. The ring structure also affects the melting points and solubility  of the purified compounds. The human body synthesizes (anabolism) and breaks down (catabolism) the molecules differently. The end product of purine catabolism is uric acid, while the end products of pyrimidine catabolism are ammonia and carbon dioxide. The body does not make the two molecules in the same location, either. Purines are synthesized primarily in the liver, while a variety of tissues make pyrimidines. Here is a summary of the essential facts about purines and pyrimidines: Purine Pyrimidine Structure Double ring (one is a pyrimidine) Single ring Chemical Formula C5H4N4 C4H4N2 Nitrogenous Bases Adenine, guanine Cytosine, uracil, thymine Uses DNA, RNA, vitamins, drugs (e.g., barbituates), energy storage, protein and starch synthesis, cell signaling, enzyme regulation DNA, RNA, drugs (e.g., stimulants), energy storage, protein and starch synthesis, enzyme regulation, cell signaling Melting Point 214 C (417 F) 20 to 22 C (68 to 72 F) Molar Mass 120.115 gmol1 80.088 g mol1 Solubility (Water) 500 g/L Miscible Biosynthesis Liver Various tissues Catabolism Product Uric acid Ammonia and carbon dioxide Sources Carey, Francis A. (2008). Organic Chemistry (6th ed.). Mc Graw Hill. ISBN 0072828374.Guyton, Arthur C. (2006). Textbook of Medical Physiology. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier. p. 37. ISBN 978-0-7216-0240-0.Joule, John A.; Mills, Keith, eds. (2010). Heterocyclic Chemistry (5th ed.). Oxford: Wiley. ISBN 978-1-405-13300-5.Nelson, David L. and Michael M Cox (2008). Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry (5th ed.). W.H. Freeman and Company. p. 272. ISBN 071677108X.Soukup, Garrett A. (2003). Nucleic Acids: General Properties. eLS. American Cancer Society. doi:10.1038/npg.els.0001335 ISBN 9780470015902.

How To Research Latino Ancestry and Genealogy

How To Research Latino Ancestry and Genealogy Indigenous in areas from the southwestern United States to the southern tip of South America and from the Philippines to Spain, Hispanics are a diverse population. From the small country of Spain, tens of millions of Spaniards have emigrated to Mexico, Puerto Rico, Central and South America, Latin America, North America, and Australia. Spaniards settled the Caribbean islands and Mexico more than a century before the English settled Jamestown in 1607. In the United States, Hispanics settled in Saint Augustine, Florida, in 1565 and in New Mexico in 1598. Often, a search for Hispanic ancestry leads ultimately to Spain but is likely that a number of family generations settled in the countries of Central America, South America or the Caribbean. Also, as many of these countries are considered melting pots, it is not uncommon that many individuals of Hispanic descent will not only be able to trace their family tree back to Spain, but also to locations such as France, Germany, Italy, Eastern Europe, Africa, and Portugal. Begin at Home If youve spent any time researching your family tree, this may sound cliche. But the first step in any genealogy research project is, to begin with, what you know - yourself and your direct ancestors. Scour your home and ask your relatives for birth, death and marriage certificates; old family photos; immigration documents, etc. Interview every living relative that you can find, being sure to ask open-ended questions. See 50 Questions for Family Interviews for ideas. As you collect information, be sure to organize the documents into notebooks or binders, and enter the names and dates into a pedigree chart or genealogy software program. Hispanic Surnames Most Hispanic countries, including Spain, have a unique naming system in which children are commonly given two surnames, one from each parent. The middle name (1st surname) comes from the fathers name (apellido paterno), and the last name (2nd surname) is the mothers maiden name (apellido materno). Sometimes, these two surnames may be found separated by y (meaning and), although this is no longer as common as it once was. Recent changes to laws in Spain mean that you may also find the two surnames reversed - first the mothers surname, and then the fathers surname. Women also retain their maiden name when they get married, making it much easier to track families through multiple generations. Know Your History Knowing the local history of the places where your ancestors lived is a great way to speed up your research. Common immigration and migration patterns may provide clues to your ancestors country of origin. Knowing your local history and geography will also help you determine where to look for the records of your ancestors, as well as provide some great background material for when you sit down to write your family history. Find Your Familys Place of Origin Whether your family now lives in Cuba, Mexico, the United States or another country, the goal in researching your Hispanic roots is to use the records of that country to trace your family back to the country of origin. Youll need to search through public records of the place where your ancestors lived, including the following major record sources: Church RecordsThe records of the Roman Catholic church represent one of the best sources for locating a Hispanic familys place of origin. Local parish records in Hispanic Catholic parishes include sacramental records such as baptisms, marriages, deaths, burials, and confirmations. Particularly valuable are marriage records, in which the town of origin is frequently documented for the bride and groom. Many of these records are kept in Spanish, so you may find this Spanish Genealogical Word List to be helpful in translation. A vast majority of these Hispanic parish records have been microfilmed by the Family History Library in Salt Lake City and you can borrow the ones you need through your local Family History Center. You may also be able to obtain copies by writing directly to the local parish where your ancestors lived.Civil or Vital RecordsCivil registration is the record kept by local governments of the births, marriages, and deaths within their jurisdictions. These records provid e excellent sources for information such as the names of family members, dates of important events and, possibly, the familys place of origin. In the United States, more recent vital records are usually maintained at the state level. In general, civil records date back to the early 1900s in the United States; 1859 in Mexico; 1870s-1880s in most Central and South American countries; and 1885 in Puerto Rico. Civil or vital records are typically kept at the local (town, village, county or municipal) level in the local court, municipal office, county office or Civil Registry office. Many have also been microfilmed by the Family History Library (see church records). Immigration RecordsA number of immigration sources, including passenger lists, border crossing records, and naturalization and citizenship records, are also useful for identifying the place of origin of an immigrant ancestor. For early Spanish emigrants, the Archivo General de Indias in Seville, Spain, is the repository for Spanish documents dealing with the Spanish colonial period (1492-1810) in the Americas. These documents often include the birthplace of each individual recorded. Ship arrivals and passenger lists provide the best documentation of immigrants who came to the Americas after the middle of the nineteenth century. These records, kept at major North, Central, and South American ports, can usually be found in the National Archives of the country in question. Many are also available on microfilm through your local family history center. Tracing your Hispanic roots may, eventually, lead you to Spain, where genealogical records are among the oldest and best in the world.

Arbitration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Arbitration - Essay Example Arbitration is the submission of a complainant to an intended respondent for a settlement of a dispute. The result of the settlement will be final, binding and executive in nature between the two parties. Mediation is done before arbitration or litigation. Through mediation, both parties are tried to reconcile with each other. Mediation is done through communication between parties to settle the dispute on their own by coming up with a solution agreeable to both parties. (Arbitration & Mediation, 2008) Arbitration and mediation, according to Newhall (2008), is more private in nature rather than a court proceeding. The importance to the confidentiality of the issue is also addressed more positively through the said methods. Moreover, through arbitration and mediation, a dispute can be settled faster as compared to going through court litigation, in which cases are scheduled to be settled many days, even months, after. There are numerous arbitration and mediation associations in America with each providing its own set of rules or policies. One arbitration and mediation agency in the US is the United States Arbitration and Mediation (USA&M). USA&M has a general guideline that once its services are sought, both parties are required to comply with the requirements of the said agency such as submitting documents for evidence, appearance during investigation, testify on the credibility of evidence gathered, and others. However, rules and guidelines differ on a case-to-case basis. (USA&M Rules of Arbitration, 2008) Carmen worked for her mother for several years in their restaurant business, her mother as the restaurant manager. Despite being treated abusively by her mother, Carmen endured such treatment and worked faithfully for the restaurant. When both of her parents died, she thought that she will be made manager in exchange for her faithful service. However, her parents’ last will and testament gave the managerial position to

Design of an Enterprise Level Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Design of an Enterprise Level Business - Essay Example An Enterprise's need for tighter financial controls1, more consistent data2, support for streamlined sourcing and procurement processes3, a single data source for product or services data4, support for closed-loop sales and operations planning processes5, portfolio approach6 collectively points to the requirement of a software system named Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP). It's a comprehensive system capable of breaking down barriers between departments within an enterprise and brings together various pockets such as sales, production, finance, human resources, purchasing and shipping - to unify access to the up-to-date information to produce a consistent, single version of the truth on Talking simply about organisation and its processes isn't understanding them. To get a deeper understanding of the processes, one needs the right information for capturing process detail. It's in the heads of the people who, day in and out, are living the process (Ben B Graham, 2004). This is where Ben Graham process mapping methods steals the picture. The symbols used call attention to value-added work, non-value-added work, work inspections (controls), movement of work from one location to another and delays (when nothing is happening). No other mapping technique provides such a transparency, decision making support and support for analysis that is provided by Ben Graham Process Map. Another such is the 'IDEF' methodology (Integrated DEFinition language). It frees the process from arguing about process modelling taxonomies. IDEF suite provides functional, information, data, process, object oriented and ontology modelling to map business processes. The 'BPMN' (Business Process Mode lling Notation) provides a set of graphical elements, Swimlanes is most popular among them, which facilitates the developers in implementing the technology that will perform those processes. For a close comparison, Graham stands taller than the rest (See figure 1). Documenting the design requires a right tool. It should provide clarity without being overly simplistic and provide detail without clutter. There are a lot of flowcharting tools which provide symbol sets but unless it's wrapped in a methodology, it's of no use. The 'Process Developer Enterprise Edition' is a mapping tool for internal activity, flowchart mapping and document control. It helps an organization to meet ISO 9000:2000 standards. Another very useful tool is the 'FlowBreeze Flowchart Software'. It is 100% MS Office integrated tool for making flow charts faster and easier. It lets you just type the text and converts it into flowchart shapes, adds flow lines, and formats the drawing. It is in accordance with Sarbanes Oxley. The 'Stylus Studio XML' Enterprise Edition is another mapping tool with IDE features, XML Editing, Debugging, Testing, Graham vs IDEF vs BPMN Features G I B Displays All the Items that are involved in the process / detailed Shows step by step processing at the task level- the work people do Shows processing at a function level Shows relationships between items Shows multiple related flows Displays single-line flow Identifies WHO

HCS 483 Clinician Provider Order Entry Implementation Essay Example for Free

HCS 483 Clinician Provider Order Entry Implementation Essay Clinician Provider Order Entry Implementation Health Care Information Systems HCS 483 September 02, 2013 Clinician Provider Order Entry Implementation Implementation Process Health care organizations look forward when starting the implementation process for information system implementation. Adding or upgrading health care systems is met with excitement and opposition from the employees who must use the system and adapt their current practice processes. Constructing a rollout period for the employees to train and get specific training for their job requirements is imperative to the success of the health system implementation. Employees knowledge of how to use the system is equally important to the implementation process as choosing and designing the program that is best for the organization. Roles and responsibilities The project or system champion is someone in the organization who is vested in the completion of the project. The champion’s role is to help obtain the buy-in of other physicians into the use of the new system and makes sure the physicians who will be using the system have adequate input in the selection process of how the new system will be used. The board of directors is the governing entity for the health care organization that approves the acquisition and implementation of a new system. The board of director’s role is to have a voice for the organization. Going forward the board needs to be involved in how the new system will affect the processes of the primary users and help curtail the expenses that develop as the project evolves. The Project manager is the person accountable for the successful implementation of the new information system. â€Å"He or she is the person who provides the day-to-day direction setting, conflict resolution, and communication needed by the project team†(Wager, Lee, Glaser, Burns, 2009, Chapter 7). The project manager is responsible for the team of engineers  installing and testing the information system. The project manager is responsible for relaying the progress of the project back to the board of directors. This includes the good, and the bad as outlined in the case study of Memorial Health System in which Dr. Melvin Sparks yelled at Sally Martin over substantial increases in work force, cost, and time increases. Sally Martin resolved not to share any bad news or setbacks with Dr. Sparks again creating a false sense of understanding of where the project was in the stages of completion. The original action of Dr. Sparks started a domino effect toward the failure of the project. Fundamental Activities Information Technology (IT) is responsible for the long and tedious process of installing, changing, removing, testing, and correcting the chosen information system for the health care organization. IT must have a strong plan in place for the scope of the projected project. Organizing, identifying the project champion, determining the project’s size and expectations, and establishing and implementing the project plan are the steps in the IT implementation process. Creating detailed project guidelines for cost, number of employees needed to complete the implementation and project completion dates of the different phases to help complete the goals set forth by the health care organization. Fundamental activities that led to the project failure were lack of organization, system analysis, and employee workflow. The project was set to a rushed timeline that did not permit for proper organization for the intricate details of implementing a new information system. Doing the system analysis in six months and making a choice without direct input from the employees who would be using the system on a daily basis was part of the project failure. Employee workflow is a vital portion of the selection process of a new system in a health care organization. â€Å"One of the first activities necessary in implementing any new system is to review and evaluate the existing workflow or business processes†(Wager, Lee, Glaser, Burns, 2009, Chapter 7). If the process is too complicated or cumbersome, the workforce will fight back and reject the new system. In the case study of Memorial Health System although intentions were good for the implementation of a clinician provider order entry (CPOE) system by Fred Dryer and Joe Roberts the process was rushed and not properly laid out with realistic goals in place. IT was  not given adequate time to organize, plan, or determine the scope for the steps they would need to make to implement the new CPOE. Commun ication Dr. Melvin Sparks was a fundamental player in the project failure at Memorial Health System. Probably without direct knowledge of his actions, Dr. Sparks started a domino effect that ultimately led to many of the project failures with implementing the CPOE system. The initial communication between Dr. Sparks and his appointed project manager, Sally Martin, set the communication barrier of relaying time delays, lack of workforce, and budget increases that snowballed into the failure of the CPOE implementation. Project Failure Project failure in the Memorial Health System case study was evident from the beginning of the project. The idea was solid, but the planning was not thorough. Five indicators that the project would fail are lack of clarity of purpose that happens when the objectives of the project are unclear. Lack of belief in the project happens when the key users are not convinced the system will ease their workload. Insufficient leadership support happens when the lack of commitment shows through the lack of involvement by the leaders spearheading the implementation process. Organizational inertia happens when project work is added on top of the daily workload adding stress to the employees. Project complexity is multifold and is a direct effect of when the people working on the project do not have an understanding of the scope of the project. Minimize Project Failure Memorial Health Systems could have taken different steps to eliminate or minimize the effects of the project failure on the new CPOE system. This Student would have acted differently to minimize the effects for a different outcome on the implementation process for the new CPOE system. Lack of clarity of purpose This student would have communicated that the implementation of the new system will make the daily process of patient care is necessary so the providers and supporting staff understand that it will prepare for a better patient health record and reduce errors in orders. Lack of belief in the project This student would have communicated an understanding that the new CPOE system will create an efficient and useful electronic medical record. Therefore, easing the workload and minimizing errors in patient orders. This student would have made continual updates and newsletters updating the providers and staff about improvements that they would be making in his or her patient’s care. Insufficient leadership support This student would have created a more visible and involved leadership team. This student would have created meetings and training involving both the leadership team and the providers to create a better understanding of how the implementation of the CPOE will help the quality of care given by the providers at Memorial Health System. Organizational inertia This student would have organized the workforce to help drastically reduce the amount of daily workloads to free up dedicated time for the CPOE implementation project. Working in stressful environments can create lack of forward motion on a project because of the added work. Increasing the workforce to distribute the workload will help in the project continuing to move forward. Project complexity This student would have had a frank conversation with the contributing departments and stakeholders about the complexity and scope of the CPOE project. Communication would have included that additions to the project would increase the timeframe and cost of the project. When all entities understand the complexity of the project and that, there will be delays or setbacks in the implementation process this will help ease doubt during transitional times. Conclusion Having a strong implementation plan and goals are imperative when beginning the process of adding or changing an information system. Health care is changing rapidly and implementing system changes takes time, extensive planning, and support. Ensuring that a strong foundation and understanding of the project is in place before implementing a systems change will help in the success of the project. References Wager, K. A., Lee, F. W., Glaser, J. P., Burns, L. R. (2009). Health Care Information Systems. A Practical Approach for Health Care Management, Second Edition. [University Of Phoenix]. http://dx.doi.org/ 9780470387801

Essay --

Efficient Cleaning Services Riding on Technology and Customizations In the last century the humans have adored numerous complexities in their life styles and abodes. We developed intricate detailing and have been using newer materials for the purpose of construction of our homes and workplaces. Such beauty and utility additions have rendered the task of regular cleaning as more typical and difficult at times. Although a number of devices were subsequently introduced in the market for the benefit and convenience of the people but cleaning itself evolved as an established vertical and such a service was supported by dedicated sectoral interventions. Some companies gained global recognition for delivering efficient and technique driven cleaning services in Singapore corporate sector. The cleaning operations have been rendered more advanced with attention now focused on the development of new range of cleaning agents that are both effective and safe also. In fact post cleaning ambient-safety has emerged as a much sought after dimension and this aspect has simultaneously leveraged thi... Essay -- Efficient Cleaning Services Riding on Technology and Customizations In the last century the humans have adored numerous complexities in their life styles and abodes. We developed intricate detailing and have been using newer materials for the purpose of construction of our homes and workplaces. Such beauty and utility additions have rendered the task of regular cleaning as more typical and difficult at times. Although a number of devices were subsequently introduced in the market for the benefit and convenience of the people but cleaning itself evolved as an established vertical and such a service was supported by dedicated sectoral interventions. Some companies gained global recognition for delivering efficient and technique driven cleaning services in Singapore corporate sector. The cleaning operations have been rendered more advanced with attention now focused on the development of new range of cleaning agents that are both effective and safe also. In fact post cleaning ambient-safety has emerged as a much sought after dimension and this aspect has simultaneously leveraged thi...

How Water Pollution Effects Marine Life?

For years man has been polluting our vast resource of oceans, not expecting to ever cause harm to them. Unfortunately, they were wrong. Our oceans and other waterways have become a poisonous playground of garbage, chemicals, and sewage. The effects of this ignorance has had devastating affects on the marine life and their habitat. This affects the habitat for marine life by destroying their homes. In doing so the intricate balance between marine animals and their homes can alter our oceans forever. Our very existence depends on the oceans.â€Å"Without oceans, Earth would be too hot and there would not be enough air to breathe. † (Hogan 10) The immediate importance to stop the destruction of our oceans is clear. Our oceans are not only crucial to our climate, but also provide us with food, jobs, and much loved recreation. The effects of man’s abuse can be seen on a daily basis, from the disappearance of long existing sea life such as whales, to garbage washing up on the shore, to the disastrous oil spoils that cost millions of dollars each year to clean up. In some areas the neglect is already so great that complete clean up is impossible.Pollution is the introduction of harmful contaminants that are outside the norm for a given ecosystem. Common man-made pollutants that reach the ocean include pesticides, herbicides, chemical fertilizers, detergents, oil, sewage, plastics, and other solids. Many of these pollutants collect at the ocean's depths, where they are consumed by small marine organisms and introduced into the global food chain. (oceannationalgeographic. com) The most polluted body of water on Earth is the Mediterranean Sea. Factories and ships dump over 300,000 tons of oil, toxic waste, and raw sewage in the Mediterranean each year.  (Hogan12)Even though most European countries have been working since 1975 to clean up the sea they still are living along the most polluted waters on Earth. With each year of pollutants being dumped into i t the water has darkened and the sea floor is covered with deadly slime. Plastic pollution has become a major problem throughout the world. Plastic nets, plastic garbage, and plastic medical wastes are killing millions of marine mammals, turtles, and fish. Animals may become tangled in the plastic debris or may eat it and die. Many governments have banned the dumping of plastics in oceans.  (csshome. com)There are other pollutants that affect our oceans like sediment and thermal pollution. These pollutants are mostly found in the United States. Sediment destroys spawning and feeding grounds for fish, reduces fish and shellfish populations, destroys pools used for resting, smothering eggs and fry, fills in lakes and streams, and decreases light penetration, thus endangering aquatic plants. (csshome. com) Thermal pollution refers to heating or cooling the water which changes the biota in the water. This can harm or kill organisms that rely on the water’s ecosystem.It can effe ct the way fish eggs will hatch or the fish will grow. It may even kill all living life unless they adapt to it. Scientist have counted some 400 such dead zones around the world. (ocean. nationalgeographic. com) Oil spills are another huge pollution problem that effects not only marine life but the whole ocean. Tankers spill anywhere from three to six million tons of oil int the ocean every year. It can take anywhere from two to ten years for aquatic life to recover from a spill. (csshome. com) These spills have caused severe devastation not only to marine life but the our country’s economy and livelihood of many people.Chemical pollution occurs every day all over the world. Factories are pouring deadly chemical waste into our waters. Some are dumped directly and others end up their eventually because they are poured into rivers which eventually end up in our oceans. This toxic dumping has caused severe abnormalities in our marine life and has cause almost all marine life in the White Sea off the coast of the Soviet Union to completely disappear.In Washington state some company presidents have been thrown into jail for breaking very strict pollution laws. A final type of pollution, toxic runoff, is much harder to control than pollution form factories and sewage plants. Toxic runoff is the wash off of fertilizers, pesticides and weed killers that wash off farmers fields and into our rivers and eventually into our oceans. Some problems of this type of pollution is that fertilizer runoff can cause some ocean plants to grow out of control and eventually crowd out other plants which obviously has a direct effect on the food chains of our oceans. (Hogan 20) Now that the water is so polluted people want to clean it up and change the bad affects it has had on our world’s oceans.There are many countries who are trying to clean up all their polluted waters, but one big problem is it is very costly. So they designed rules and organizations to help clean up and stop polluting. Lawmakers have made several acts to help stop pollution. The acts are the Clean Water Act, the Safe Drinking Water Act, Coastal Zone Management Act, Endangered Species Act, Rivers and Harbors Appropriation Act, and the National Environmental Policy Act. All of these acts were set up for saving animals in the water or cleaning up the water. They are now starting to fine or arrest anyone who is caught dumping in the ocean.If hindsight is 20/20 surely man would have made better choices about ocean dumping. It is apparent today that our society’s ignorance of many years has caused a lasting and extremely costly deadly effect on our earth. Together we must all work to keep the oceans clean and safe not only for the animals that live these waters but for ourselves as well. The oceans and seas of our world don’t belong to just one country or one person, but rather they are all connected making everybody responsible to protect and prohibit the continuous de struction of marine life and their habitat.

Emily Dickinson’s Poem Review

I applaud Emily Dickinson’s choice of art over â€Å"real† life although I don’t think the two are mutually exclusive. While I cannot presume to know whether she had doubts about this herself or whether she had other problems that prevented her from living â€Å"real† life, I can clearly see that her life inside her mind was very rich. By choosing art, Emily Dickinson has left us with a wealth of succinct poems with very important themes. Particularly stunning is â€Å"Much Madness is Divinest Sense. † In that poem, she perfectly recaps the idea of majority rule.If one agrees with the majority, one is sane. If not, one is dangerous and wrong. This is such a short and simple poem that covers so many times in our lives and current events. There are so many examples of the majority doing the wrong thing, like slavery. Another important theme is contained in â€Å"If You Were Coming in the Fall. † This poem discusses the difficulty or utter tortu re of waiting for some uncertain future. One can wait much more easily if there is some kind of certainty or date at the end. â€Å"But now, all ignorant of the lengthOf time's uncertain wing, It goads me, like the goblin bee, That will not state its sting. â€Å" (Dickinson) The longer one waits, the more painful it becomes. It stings as Dickinson says. However, Dickinson says that waiting without that certainty is nothing but torture. This theme is universal. And yet, another important theme is contained in â€Å"Hope is the Thing with Feathers. † Dickinson gives herself and everyone else the claim that hope is always present in life. Hope is always with us; it â€Å"perches† in our souls.It never asks anything of the reader just remains in our hearts to keep us warm. â€Å"Yet, never, in extremity, It asked a crumb of me† (Dickinson). Again this is a very profound lesson contained in a brief poem. Who knows what the effect would have been if Dickinson had c hosen to have a husband and family or an active social life? The point is that the choice was hers, and she made it. Personally, I relish her choice as I think she gives us so many words to live by. For those who don’t like poetry all that much, she is simple and straightforward and yet, very profound.

Birth Order And Effects On Personality Children And Young People Essay Essay Example

Birth Order And Effects On Personality Children And Young People Essay Essay Example Birth Order And Effects On Personality Children And Young People Essay Paper Birth Order And Effects On Personality Children And Young People Essay Paper There are many different theories by different theoreticians about Birth Order and The Effect on Personality. Alfred Adler was a psychologist and theoretician that were good known for his theories about birth order finding a individual s personality. Adler was classified as the Individual Psychology theoretician. The birth order plays a really big function in finding personality. There are many other factors as good. The size of a household, a kid s gender ( male child or miss ) , disablements or physical demands, the kid s pique and the households fiscal position are all finding factors. Besides, a individual s cultural beliefs, faith, and traditional values are proved factors that affect personality due to 1s birth order. Each of the birth orders have features that makes everyone different. The place that a individual has in their household gives certain properties to a kid s development. Adler believed that a individual s birth order was one of the most of import factors in a individual s life and that the topographic point a individual occupied in his household was one of the best forecasters of the sort of individual he would go. For each place in a household, Adler believed that there were positive and negative reverberations, depending on how a individual responded to his place. ( Roberts, Holly L. 2011, March 9 ) . Mention The Lone Child There are many twosomes that choose to hold merely one kid. The lone kid will typically develop inclinations to be introverted due to non holding siblings to socialise with. The lone kid may develop some extrospective features when seeking to do friends and larning how to socialise with other kids. Attending day care or school normally helps the kid larn how to socialise. The lone kid does non develop good societal accomplishments early in their childhood which consequences in the kid holding troubles in acquisition, holding good societal accomplishments and interacting with others. Though there are many advantages of being an lone kid such as having all of the attending from both parents. The lone kid does non hold the competition of holding to have better classs in school or being more disciplined. The lone kid is ever the centre of attending and normally prefers it that manner. Since they are neer dethroned , they are spoiled and can be egoistic. They miss out on the societal a ccomplishments learned by sibling interaction, so they may happen it hard to portion or via media. A great positive trait is that they can be really mature intellectually. ( Guilbeau, n.d. ) . The First Born The first born kid normally has features of being a leader. They seek high accomplishments in everything they do. They besides conform to criterions and are really conservative. The first Born kid shows a high grade of organisational accomplishments. The first Born is typically good behaved and display exceeding manners. The oldest kid or the first born kid feels a sense of duty to wise man or steer their siblings. The oldest kid may besides seek to take control over their siblings or be an authorization figure. Some eldests will seek to foster their siblings and learn them in an appropriate manner. Firstborn kids have been shown to hold the best leading qualities. Firstborn kids will be given to experience dethroned due to the birth of a sibling and be more compliant to their parents. They will besides experience the demand to delight their parents even more and turn out their dependability and dependableness. They are frequently given duty for younger siblings and may take on the function of a foster parent. Through this function they accept their place of leading and the power that comes with it. Firstborns may go overachievers in order to put the illustration for younger siblings and run into the outlooks of parents. They are besides known to be autocratic ( or bossy harmonizing to their siblings ) . A great positive trait is that they can be really responsible and helpful. ( Guilbeau, n.d. ) . The Middle Child The in-between kid has features of being attending searchers. They may experience as though they are stuck in the center, left out or even forgotten approximately. Whatever personality trait has been adopted by the first born kid, the 2nd kid will go the opposite. The first two childs in any household are night-and-day different, Leman says. The in-between kid will frequently stand out at something that the first kid is non good at. For illustration, a first Born may be good in school, while the 2nd kid is gifted in sports. Middle kids frequently play the function of the peacekeeper in the household, interceding between the older and younger siblings. The pattern that the in-between kids get negociating their topographic point in the household typically means they have strong societal accomplishments and acquire along good with others. ( Vowles,2012 ) . The strong societal accomplishments allow them to hold a batch of friends due their ability of demoing compassion and empathy an d being good hearers. The in-between kid has problem in happening their function or place in the household. They want to experience the acknowledgment for what they have accomplished. The in-between kid has inclinations to arise due to the feelings of non mensurating up to their other siblings achievements. Most in-between kids do non have the proper acknowledgment for their accomplishments because of the parents expect high accomplishments as those of their siblings. Most in-between kids have feelings of being unloved due to holding to utilize manus me downs such as vesture that one time belonged to their older sibling. The in-between kid seems to hold more independency and is easy traveling. They do non show their demands or wants to their parents because they feel a deficiency of importance. The in-between kid will besides act unsuitably in order to have some attending from their parents. The Last Born or Baby The last Born has features of being idealistic, egoistic, and really competitory. They take on more extrospective traits and are really outgoing, friendly and amusing. Frequently spoiled by the full household. Never dethroned and may be accustomed to acquiring their manner. They may look as irresponsible and a regulation ledgeman. A great positive trait is that they can be really charming and adventuresome. ( Guilbeau, n.d. ) . The last born ever demands attending from their parents and siblings. Parents typically do non train the last Born as they had done with the older kids. The last Born is viewed as being more fond towards others than and non every bit complicated as their siblings. Birth Order and Gender The gender of siblings can besides impact a individual s personality and features. If the first-born kid is a male child and the in-between kid is a miss, so the first-born will experience more compelled to protect his younger sister. The in-between kid being a younger sister to her older brother may develop features of a romp . She would seek to copy her older brother in a sense of have oning male child s apparels and playing the same athleticss as he does If the first-born is a miss and the in-between kid is besides a miss, so they would organize a closer bond and be more similar. Though if the in-between kid were to be a male child, so he may seek to copy his older sister and perchance hold more female features. The Parents Role Alfred Adler believed that parents must supply the proper attending to their kids, but allow them do their ain errors and picks. By leting kids to hold some independency, but non pretermiting them would learn the kid to be successful and thrive to be superior. Children should hold feelings of significance and have a sense of where they belong in the household. Parents of first-born kids tend to give more choice clip to them and as a consequence the first-born will hold higher rational degrees. First born kids speak on a higher adulthood degree than their siblings and typically hold higher IQ tonss. The best attack, harmonizing to this theory, is to protect kids from the immoralities of the universe but non shelter them from it. In more practical footings, it means leting them to hear or see the negative facets of the universe while still droping the safety of parental influence. In other words do nt instantly travel to the school chief if your kid is acquiring bullied, but instead l earn your kid how to react or take attention of herself at school. ( AllPsychONLINE,2002 ) . Decision Adler believed there were four types of birth order places. The oldest kid is supplanted by the younger kid, which can take negatively to insecurity or positively to duty. A in-between kid has an older sibling to pattern his behaviour after, which can take positively to healthy aspiration or negatively to rebellious behaviour. The younger kid is typically showered in attending, which can take positively to assurance or go spoiled in the negative and confident in the positive. ( Roberts, Holly L. 2011, March 9 ) . Birth order does play a really of import function in the developments and effects on a individual s personality. A household s size, fiscal position, civilizations and traditions besides are lending factors to see. A kid s gender and temper drama a function of the birth order and the effects on personality. They may portion many traits and may exhibit some of the same personality features. The parents, function besides plays a really big portion of their kids s personalit y features due to the birth order of the kid. Alfred Alders theories on the birth order and consequence on personality has shown the different features that develop in the lone kid, the first-born, the in-between kid and the last Born. Reference/Cite Page Roberts, Holly L. ( 2011, March 9 ) . Adler Birth Order Theory. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.livestrong.com/article/73327-adler-birth-order-theory/ Guilbeau, N. ( n.d. ) . The Birth Order Theory. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.bellaonline.com/articles/art22888.asp Voo, J. ( 2006, August ) . Birth Order and Personality. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.parents.com/baby/development/social/birth-order-and-personality/ AllPsych ONLINE. ( .n.d. ) . Personality Synopsis. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //allpsych.com/personalitysynopsis/adler.html Vowles, A. ( 2012, October 25 ) . Does Birth Order Affect Personality? Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.sheknows.com/parenting/articles/974203/does-birth-order-affect-personality

Biography of Senator Elizabeth Warren, Senator and Scholar

Biography of Senator Elizabeth Warren, Senator and Scholar Senator Elizabeth Warren (born Elizabeth Ann Herring on June 22, 1949) is an American politician, scholar, and professor. Since 2013, she has represented the state of Massachusetts in the United States Senate, affiliated with the Democratic Party. In 2019, she became a candidate for President of the United States. Fast Facts: Senator Elizabeth Warren Known For: A prominent Democratic politician of the late 2010s, Warren had a previous career as one of the top legal scholars in the country.Occupation: United States Senator from Massachusetts; previously a professor of lawBorn: June 22, 1949 in Oklahoma City, OklahomaSpouse(s): Jim Warren (m. 1968-1978), Bruce H. Mann (m. 1980).Children: Amelia Warren Tyagi (b. 1971), Alexander Warren (b. 1976) Early Life and Education Elizabeth Warren (nà ©e Elizabeth Ann Herring) was born in Oklahoma City, the fourth child and first daughter of Donald and Pauline Herring. Their family was lower-middle class and often struggled to make ends meet. Things worsened when Warren was twelve and her father, a salesman, had a heart attack, leaving him unable to do his job. Warren started her first job- waitressing- at age thirteen in order to help make ends meet. In high school, Warren was a star of the debate team. She won Oklahoma’s state high school debating championship when she was sixteen and earned a debate scholarship to attend George Washington University. At the time, she intended to study to become a teacher. However, after two years of studies, she dropped out to marry Jim Warren, whom she had known since high school. The couple married in 1968, when Warren was nineteen. Law School and Teaching Career When Warren and her husband moved to Texas for his job with IBM, she enrolled at the University of Texas, where she studied speech pathology and audiology. However, they moved to New Jersey soon after on another of Jim Warren’s job transfers, and when she became pregnant, she chose to stay at home with their daughter Amelia. In 1973, Warren enrolled in Rutgers Law School. She graduated in 1976 and passed the bar exam; that same year, the Warrens’ son Alexander was born. Two years later, in 1978, Warren and her husband divorced. She chose to keep his last name, even after she remarried in 1980 to Bruce Mann. For the first year or so of her career, Warren did not actively practice law in a law firm, instead teaching children with disabilities in a public school. She also worked from home doing minor legal work such as wills and real estate filings. Warren returned to her alma mater in 1977 as a lecturer at Rutgers. She remained there for one academic year, then moved back to Texas to take a job at the University of Houston Law Center, where she worked from 1978 to 1983 as the associate dean for academic affairs. In 1981, she spent some time as a visiting associate professor at the University of Texas Law School; she returned from 1983 to 1987 as a full professor. Legal Scholar From the beginning of her career, Warren often focused her work and research on how real people interact with the law in their daily lives, with a particular emphasis on bankruptcy law. Her research made her a respected rising star in her field, and she continued her work throughout the 1980s and 1990s. In 1987, Warren joined the University of Pennsylvania Law School as a full professor in 1987 and in 1990, she became the William A. Schnader Professor of Commercial Law. She taught for a year at Harvard Law School in 1992 as Robert Braucher Visiting Professor of Commercial Law. Three years later, Warren returned to Harvard full-time, joining the faculty full-time as the Leo Gottlieb Professor of Law. Warren’s position made her the first tenured Harvard law professor who had gotten a law degree from an American public university. Over time, she became one of the most prominent legal scholars in bankruptcy and commercial law, with a large number of publications to her name. It was in that capacity that she was asked, in 1995, to advise the National Bankruptcy Review Commission. At the time, her recommendations failed to convince Congress, and her advocacy failed, but her work helped lead to the establishment of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, which was signed into law in 2010. Political Career Although Warren was a registered Republican until the 1990s, she shifted to the Democratic Party during that decade. It wasn’t until 2011, however, that she began her political career in earnest. That year, she announced her candidacy for the 2012 Senate election in Massachusetts, running as a Democrat to unseat Republican incumbent Scott Brown. Her breakout moment came with a September 2011 speech that went viral, in which she argued against the idea that taxing the wealthy is class warfare. In her response, she argued that no one becomes rich without leaning on the rest of society, from workers to infrastructure to education and more, and that the social contract of a civilized society means that those who have benefited from the system invest in it again to help the next people who want to do the same. Warren won the election with nearly 54 percent of the vote and quickly became a star in the Democratic Party. Her committee assignment was the Senate Banking Committee, given her extensive experience in economics. Soon, she gained a reputation for her unforgiving questioning of big banking executives and regulators. Senator Elizabeth Warren also introduced a bill that would allow students to borrow from the government at the same rate as banks. In 2015, she co-sponsored legislation along with Republican and independent senators that was built on the Banking Act of 1933 and intended to reduce the likelihood of future financial crises. Leading Opposition and Running for President Following the 2016 election of Republican Donald Trump to the presidency, Warren became an outspoken critic of his administration. A defining moment occurred during the confirmation hearing for Jeff Sessions, a Republican senator nominated for attorney general. Warren attempted to read a letter aloud that Coretta Scott King had written years earlier, arguing that Sessions used his powers to suppress black voters. Warren was stopped and censured by the Republican majority; she read the letter aloud on an Internet livestream instead. In his censure, Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell said, â€Å"[Warren] was warned. She was given an explanation. Nevertheless, she persisted.† The statement entered the pop culture lexicon and became a rallying cry for women’s movements. Senator Warren has opposed many of the Trump administration’s policies and has also spoken publicly about perceived conflicts of interest and misconduct by Trump himself. Warren has also been embroiled in her own headline-making scandal stemming from her claims to Native American heritage, which she repeated over the course of several years. When Warren took a DNA test that confirmed the presence of a Native ancestor, the controversy was compounded by tribal leaders’ criticism of using a DNA test results as a way of claiming Native American identity. Warren apologized for her handling of the controversy and clarified that she understands the difference between ancestry and actual tribal membership. In 2018, Warren won re-election by a landslide, taking 60% of the vote. Soon afterwards, news broke that she had formed an exploratory committee to run for president in 2020; she confirmed her candidacy in February 2019. Her platform is based on transparent policy proposals and a coalition of working class, union workers, women, and immigrants, and she positions herself as a direct contrast to the Trump-led Republican party of the current era. Sources â€Å"Elizabeth Warren Fast Facts.† CNN, 5 March 2019, https://www.cnn.com/2015/01/09/us/elizabeth-warren-fast-facts/index.htmlPacker, George. The Unwinding: An Inner History of the New America. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2013.Pierce, Charles P. â€Å"The Watchdog: Elizabeth Warren.† The Boston Globe, 20 December 2009, http://archive.boston.com/bostonglobe/magazine/articles/2009/12/20/elizabeth_warren_is_the_bostonian_of_the_year/

Information System Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Information System Business - Essay Example As mentioned the objectives of this project is to examine the success rates of information and communication projects undertaken by the public sector undertakings of UK. The major objectives of the project are given below. The scope of this study is wider. Better technology in information and communication will help to improve the communication speed and accuracy. Similarly the information is made available to the people of the country very easily. Public sector undertakings have more roles in the income of the country and as such the success and failure of the projects has great relevance on the economic perspective. A project may be defined as a set of activities focused on a common goal. A project may be the construction of a building, installation of new software systems in the organization etc. A project is a combination of many complex activities. A project is a one time activity. It has a stated objective and the project is over when that objective is accomplished. There is a specified time within which the project has to be completed and that time limit is called deadline. A project has a definite starting time and an ending time. It is a planned effort by a group of people. The major resources of a project are men, money, machine and material. "A project, by definition, is a temporary activity with a starting date, specific goals and conditions, defined responsibilities, a budget, a planning, a fixed end date and multiple parties involved. You know what you have to do, do it, once, and that's the end of it." (Project definition. For all the right reasons. 2007). Project management refers to the act of effectively carrying out a project to accomplish the objective in the specified time. Project management not only refers to accomplishing the project within the specified time but also refers to total efficiency in all the sub activities of a project. Project management involves careful planning of the project, framing clear objectives and roles, planning the financial requirements, setting the time period, bringing together the resources and other sundry activities associated with the project. Proper management of a project will enable its completion in before the deadline with minimum resource wastage. Project management is a well organized activity that travels through different phases. The different phases or process of project management are planning, feasibility study, project implementation, project evaluation and project maintenance. Project planning: Planning is the first process in a project management in which an outline of the project is made. Factors like necessity, purpose, deadline, resources required, etc. are decided at this stage. The efficiency of the whole project depends upon the quality of the project plan. Feasibility study: In the next process that is the feasibility study the feasibility of the project for the organization is analyzed. This includes conducting a market survey for calculating the benefits that the organization will receive through the implementation of the project. It will also